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* ALMONDS are high in vitamin E. They’re good sources of B vitamins, fiber, copper, iron, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, and zinc. These nuts also contain healthy fats. Besides a reduced risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers, almonds have potential prebiotic effects: They may stimulate growth of good bacteria in the intestinal tract. Eaten in moderation (about 22 nuts) almonds can help you manage weight; they provide satiety and may also increase excretion of fat from the body.

* BERRIES have a profound, positive impact on health and performance. All kinds of these flavonoid-rich gems are being studied for their antioxidant benefits. In addition to protecting against cancer, stroke, and heart disease, blueberries, cranberries, and strawberries have phytochemicals that appear to protect against age-related declines in cognitive functioning and may even help reverse them by counteracting oxidative stress and decreasing inflammation. In addition to disease-fighting substances, blackberries and blueberries offer vitamins C and K (which may help prevent osteoporosis). When berries are not in season, frozen varieties work well in smoothies.

* CABBAGES (bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kale, and watercress) all offer an expansive array of nutrients and antioxidants. Most of us would do well to triple our intake of this family of veggies. The American Cancer Society recommends eating cabbage and its relatives to reduce the risk of cancer. These foods contain sulforaphane, an organic chemical compound shown to inhibit the growth of carcinogen-induced cancers as well as H. pylori bacteria, a cause of gastric infection.

* FISH (Alaskan halibut, bass, light tuna, herring, mackerel, sardines, and trout) are all part of a healthy diet. The American Heart Association recommends at least two servings of fatty fish a week to protect circulatory health, support cognitive functioning, and reduce inflammation implicated in arthritis, asthma, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.

* GREEN TEA has mild thermogenic properties that boost metabolism to burn calories. Research suggests it may also inhibit storage of new fat. Green tea’s main active ingredients are polyphenols that protect the body from free radicals and help prevent oxidative damage. In particular, ECGC has been found to lower cholesterol and may inhibit cancer cell growth. This polyphenol also helps regulate insulin, which plays an important role in weight regulation.

* LEAFY GREENS (arugula, endive, escarole, sorrel, spinach, and more) are super sources of many vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients. Their combination of nutrients, phytochemicals, and soluble fiber make these powerful anticancer foods, according to research. One serving a day can lower your risk of coronary vascular disease, improve blood glucose metabolism, maintain healthy bowel function, and protect bone density.

* LEGUMES—all kinds of beans, fermented soy, lentils, and peas—are low in fat and calories but rich in protein, fiber, folate, iron, magnesium, potassium, selenium, and zinc. Legumes have more disease-fighting antioxidants than almost all other plants. Consumption has been linked to reduced risk for heart disease and diabetes in mildly insulin-resistant adults while lowering colon cancer incidence. An excellent source of complex carbohydrates and plant-based protein, legumes are high in fiber so you eat less. They’re the only food to earn the USDA’s inclusion in two food groups: meat and vegetable.

* WHOLE GRAINS (brown rice, bulgur, buckwheat, kamut, oats, quinoa, teff, and more) may protect against chronic disease, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and various cancers. These unrefined grains have hundreds of phytochemicals including lignans, plant stanols and sterols, phytoestrogens, and saponins that protect cells from damage linked to cancer. Thanks to their fiber, whole grains also help you maintain a healthy weight. Eat at least three servings daily for energy and long-term health.

* YOGURT AND KEFIR have all of milk’s nutrition, plus billions of probiotics—healthy bacteria that fight lactose intolerance, constipation, diarrhea, and infections while enhancing immunity. The benefits of these probiotic foods are linked to their live active cultures, which can reduce the risk of allergies, irritable bowel syndrome, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, certain cancers, and some infections. Yogurt and kefir are also excellent sources of dietary calcium, which may play a role in weight control, as well as muscle and bone health.

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Labels: almonds, berries, cabbage, fish, green tea, kefir, leafy greens, legumes, Whole grains, yogurt

Women in their late 30s can do much to improve their chances of getting pregnant. The fertility odds are workable: About two-thirds of women ages 35 to 39 can become pregnant within a year. Given these odds, women can take a number of steps to improve their fertility. Some are simple common sense: Stop smoking; reduce or eliminate use of alcohol and caffeine; maintain an appropriate weight; reduce stress. Even moderate alcohol use—as few as five drinks a week—can impair fertility. Likewise, consuming more than two cups of caffeinated coffee a day has been associated with lowered conception and increased miscarriage.

Naturopath Bonnie Nedrow, ND, LM, who teaches at Bastyr University near Seattle, encourages her midlife patients to focus on what they can control. "We are looking for optimal health, which is more than functional health," she says. "A woman's body will wait to make a baby until things are optimal." Nedrow gives each patient a hormone work-up, checking levels of progesterone, estrogen, thyroid hormones, and others. Then she advises them about cleansing the liver, which processes the majority of the body's hormones; balancing the diet; stabilizing menstrual cycles; and reducing both the woman's and her partner's stress levels.

A stable, predictable menstrual cycle is an important indicator of good reproductive health. "Many women have a long history of taking birth control pills," says Jana Nalbandian, ND, a Bastyr University colleague of Nedrow's. "When a woman decides she wants to get pregnant, her system is used to being regulated by hormones introduced into, rather than released by, the body. For certain women, it can take six months to a year for the body to regulate on its own."

A woman's weight also affects the regularity and effectiveness of her cycles. According to the Mayo Clinic, body fat levels that are 10 percent to 15 percent above or below normal can throw off a woman's reproductive cycles. Being overweight can mean estrogen overload. "We live in an estrogen-dominant world," says Nalbandian, pointing to the hormones used in meat- and dairy-products production, as well as the "estrogenic effect" of some pesticides. Because of these excess hormones, even women who aren't overweight may be at risk for estrogen overload and resulting fertility problems, Nedrow says.

Both doctors encourage their patients to avoid processed and sugar-rich foods and to replace them with organic, hormone-free, and pesticide-free foods. Nalbandian recommends eating beets, leafy greens, artichokes, and carrots to cleanse the liver and remove excess estrogen from the system. Nedrow suggests a daily serving of four ounces of fish, which is rich in essential fatty acids, to aid the digestive system. "Our grandmothers were right about cod liver oil," she says.

Women who are underweight also are at risk for menstrual irregularity and infertility. Women who adhere to intense exercise regimes share some of these risks. Strict vegetarians may experience fertility problems if they don't get enough vitamin B12, zinc, iron, and folic acid in their diets.

Luckily, most of these problems can be resolved through changes in nutrition. "If you are a fairly healthy 35-year-old woman with a healthy reproductive system," says Nalbandian, "you should be able to improve your chances of becoming pregnant simply through diet and lifestyle choices."

Additionally, Nalbandian advises using herbs to support the natural reproductive process, such as chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus castus) for regulating cycles, and herbal teas, such as raspberry leaf (Rubus idaeus), to tone the uterus. To move bile through the liver, she recommends dandelion root (Taraxacum officinale), a gentle, nontoxic cleanser. But because many herbs can contribute to miscarriage, once a woman becomes pregnant, Nalbandian warns, she must stop taking all herbal preparations until she consults her doctor.

Acupuncture may also be effective. Earlier this year, German researchers at the Christian Lauritzen Institute announced that acupuncture-treated subjects increased their success rate for in vitro fertilization by nearly 50 percent (Fertility and Sterility, 2002, vol. 77, no. 4). By relaxing the uterus, they theorized, acupuncture helps the uterine lining become more receptive to an embryo.

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Labels: exercise, fertility, healthy diet, leafy greens, liver, pregnancy